Constipation during pregnancy is commonly caused by several factors:
- Hormonal changes: Increased progesterone levels relax the intestinal muscles, slowing the movement of food and waste through the digestive tract, resulting in harder stools and constipation.
- Pressure from the growing uterus: As the fetus grows, the enlarged uterus presses on the intestines and rectum, making bowel movements more difficult.
- Prenatal vitamins and iron supplements: Many prenatal vitamins contain iron, which can cause constipation as a side effect.
- Diet and fluid intake: Insufficient dietary fiber and inadequate fluid consumption can contribute to constipation.
- Reduced physical activity: Less exercise or movement during pregnancy slows digestion and bowel movements.
- Other factors: Previous anorectal conditions, psychological stress, altered muscle tone, and sometimes thyroid function changes can also play roles.
Management includes increasing fiber and water intake, exercising regularly, maintaining good toileting habits, and discussing supplement types with healthcare providers if constipation is severe.
