Shortness of breath during pregnancy is very common and usually due to normal physiological changes, such as increased hormone levels (especially progesterone), increased oxygen demands, and the growing uterus pressing on the diaphragm. Most expectant mothers experience some breathlessness, which typically develops gradually and may be more noticeable with exertion or in the later stages as the baby grows.
Common Causes of Shortness of Breath in Pregnancy
- Hormonal shifts: Progesterone levels rise and make breathing deeper, which can feel like shortness of breath, even early in pregnancy.
- Growing uterus: As the uterus expands, it pushes up on the diaphragm, limiting lung expansion, especially later in pregnancy.
- Increased oxygen needs: The body and baby need more oxygen, making breathing feel more labored.
- Higher circulating blood volume: Pregnancy almost doubles your blood volume, making the heart and lungs work harder.
When to Worry (Seek Urgent Medical Help)
Contact a healthcare provider immediately if you have:
- Sudden or severe shortness of breath, or if it gets much worse suddenly.
- Breathlessness when lying flat, needing to sit up to breathe.
- Chest pain, palpitations, dizziness, fainting, or coughing up blood.
- Significant swelling of one leg, severe fatigue, or trouble doing daily activities.
- Symptoms of anemia (very pale, very tired), severe headache, or vision changes.
- Wheezing, persistent cough, or if you feel your breathing is rapidly getting worse.
Summary
Mild, gradual shortness of breath is nearly always a normal result of pregnancy changes and is not typically dangerous. However, any sudden, severe, or persistent symptoms, especially with other warning signs, need urgent medical assessment to rule out conditions like anemia, pre-eclampsia, cardiac or lung issues, or blood clots.
